Carburetor



J. B. KESSEL CAHBURE TOR Nov. 23 1926. 1,607,830

Filed August 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I5067Z$0p Johann/26E. Jifessg,

was C Nov. 23 19-26. 1,607,830

J. B. KESSEL CARBURETOR Filed August 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented New, 23,

PATENT FFICE.

JOHANNES B. HE$SEL OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

CARBURETOR.

Application filed August 2'0, 1925.

This invention relates to improvements in carburetors, and one of the objects of the same is to provide improved means whereby there will be a thorough mixture of the air and fuel and at the same time supply the cylinder of the engine with what is known as a dry mixture, with the result that there will be provided a maximum amount of power with a minimum consumption of fuel.

A further object is to provide improved means whereby the supply of fuel will be auto- 'matically controlled by the suction created in the engine cylinder, and improved means whereby a supplemental supply of fuel will be delivered to the engine so that when the engine throttle is closed or shut the engine may run at a slow speed or idle when the main supply of fuel is cut off.

A further object is to provide improved means whereby the supply of air will be automatically controlled by the operation of the engine throttle valve.

To the attainment of these ends and the accomplishment of other new and useful objects as will appear, the invention consists in the features of novelty in substantially the construction, combination and arrangement of the several parts hereinafter more fully described and claimed and as shown in the accompanying drawings illustrating this invention, and in which drawings Figure 1, is a longitudinal sectional view of a carburetor of this character constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention.

Figure 2, is a horizontal sectional view on line 2-2 Figure 1.

Figure 3, is a side elevation.

Figure 4, is a right hand end elevation of Figure 2.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the numeral designates generally a mixing chamber in which the fuel and air are mixed and in which chamber the suction within the engine cylinder is manifested. The outer end 11 of the chamber is open to permit the air to enter.

A needle valve casing 12 extends across the mixing chamber preferably adjacent the end 11 and is provided with a passage 13 to permit air to pass and fuel to flow therethrough.

This opening 13 may be of any desired diameter and the needle valve casing is of a diameter to permit air to pass therearound.

Serial No. 51,286.

The casing 12 is provided with a passage 14 extending through the end thereof and which also has communication with the passage 1.3. The outlet of the passage 14 at the point where it communicates with the passage 13 is shaped to form a valve seat 15 with which the needle 16 co-operates.

lVithin the passage 14 may be adjustably and removably arranged a member 17 having an opening 18 to form a restricted passage for the fuel. The passage 14 has communication with a passage 19 through the wall of the mixing chamber and through which latter passage fuel is supplied to the nozzle.

The needle valve casing is provided with a chamber 20 through which the other end of the needle valve extends and a piston 21 is formed on the needle valve and operates in the chamber 20, and the portion of the needle valve on the lower side of the piston 21 loosely fits within the casing 12 to permit leakage of air from the passage 13 to the bottom side of the chamber 20.

The chamber is preferably closed with an adjustable cap or nut 22 and a spring 23 is arranged in this chamber to surround the needle valve stem so that one end of the spring rests against the top of the piston 21 and the other end against the nut or cap. so that the adjustment of the latter will vary the stress of the spring 23 and thereby vary the degree of suction necessary to unseat the valve 16.

Communicating with the chamber 20 in the valve casing is a passage 24 which also has communication as at 25 with the mixing chamber 10 and the inlet of the passage 24 is adapted to be closed or controlled by means of the throttle valve 26. lVhen the valve 26 is in a position to close the mixing chamber 10 against entrance thereinto of the air and fuel, the passage 24 will also be closed.

A by-pass 27 leads from the passage 24 nd to the engine side of the throttle valve 26 and is of a size considerably smaller than the passage 24, so that when the passage 24 is closed a small degree of the suction in the engine cylinder will be manifested upon the piston 21 of the valve 16 through the bypass 27 and passage 24.

A regulating device preferably in the form of a screw 28 may be provided to vary on the engine side of the throttle 26 when the latter is in a position to cut off the mixing chamber and close the passage 2%.

The passage 30 at the valve seat is in a position that when the suction is being exerted upon the piston 21 through the by-pass 27, such as when the engine is running slow or is idling, or when starting the engine, only a small amount of fuel will be delivered to the mixing chamber on the engine side of the throttle valve 26 and which amount will be only suflicient to start the engine and keep it running slowlv.

As a means for supplying an additional amount of air to the mixing chamber and for automatically controlling such supply as the supply of fuel is increased or reduced, there may be provided a plurality of air passages 32 which extend preferably through the front of the casing wall and a valve or cut off device 33 is rotatably supported across the inlet ends of said passages.

Said cut off device may be removably held in position by a nut or collar 34 and is pro vided with slots 35 ada ited to be moved into and out of register with the passages 32 as the same is rotated, thereby opening or clos ing a greater or less number of the said passages.

This cut off valve device is preferably adapted to be actuated in response to the operation of the throttle valve 26 and to that end there may be provided an arm 36 which is connected with the shaft 3'7 of the throttle 26.

Connected with tne arm is a flexible member 38 which is also connected as at 39 with the cut oil valve and the member 38 passes over a pulley 4O suitably mounted to give the valve 33 the proper movements when the valve 26 is operated,

A spring 41 may also be provided which tends normally to rotate the valve in one direction and against the stress of which spring the valve 33 is rotated by the flexible member 38 when the throttle 26 is actuated in one direction.

A rotor or spinner designated generally by the reference numeral 42 and of any desired size and suitable construction may be provided in the mixing chamber 10 intermediate the needle valve 16 and the throttle 26, which is mounted for free rotation.

but also breaks up the particles to insure a complete mixture, and at the same time increase the speed of flow of the gas causing it to flow in one direction. I

This is accomplished by reason of the fact that the speed of rotation of the rotor is increased beyond the speed of flow of the mix ture, by the action of the outside air or the additional supply of air directed to the rotor through the passages 32, the supply of air to these passages 32 being controlled by the valve 33 and is directed against the blades of the roller.

The passages 32 terminate adjacent the rotor so that the air flowing through the passages will impinge the rotor and assist in operating it.

With this improved construction it will be manifest that when the parts are in the position shown in Figure 1, and the engine is at rest, suction created in the engine cylinder when the starter is actuated, will be manifested through the by-pass 27 upon the piston 21, and the valve 15 will be raised thereby only suliiciently to open the passage 30 to allow only enough fuel to flow to the engine side of the throttle valve 26 to start the engine.

After the engine has been started it may be allowed to run idle and a sufficient amount of fuel for that purpose will still flow through the passage 30, air being drawn in past the valve seat through the passage 30.

When the throttle valve 26 is actuated the inlet 25 of the passage 24 will be correspondingl opened and a greater degree of suction will be exerted upon the piston 21 to further open the valve 16 to allow fuel to flow with air through the passage 13 to the rotor 42 and thence past the throttle valve 26.

As the throttle 26 is actuated the valve 33 will also be correspondingly actuated and an additional amount of air will be supplied through the passages 33.

The rotor or spinner 42 is also responsive in its operation to suction created in the engine cylinder as is also the operation of the needle valve 16.

'VVhile the preferred form of the invention has been herein specifically described and shown it is to be understood that manv changes may be made in the details of construction and in the combination and arrangement of the several parts within the scope of the claims without departing from the spirit of this invention, and if desired, a drain L3 may be provided to lead from the mixing chamber and which has comlit) munication with the passage 30, for carrying off any superfluous amount of fuel which may flow into or accumulate within the mixing chamber 10.

What is claimed as new is:

1. A carburetor including a mixing chamber, a throttle valve, a needle valve casing having an opening discharging into the chamber on one side of the throttle, a needle valve, and means whereby the operation of the needle valve will be controlled by suction on the engine side of the throttle, there being a fuel passage also controlled by the said needle and leading to the engine side of the said throttle.

2. A carburetor including a mixing cham her, a throttle valve, a needle valve casing having two fuel discharge outlets, a needle valve common to said outlets for controlling them, one of said outlets communicating with the said chamber on each side of the throttle, and means whereby the operation of the needle valve will be controlled by suction created on the engine side of the throttle.

3. A carburetor including a mixing chanr her, a throttle valve, a needle valve casing having two fuel discharge outlets, a needle valve common to said outlets for controlling them, one of said outlets communicating with the said chamber on each side of the throttle, and means whereby different degrees of suction in the engine cylinder will actuate said needle valve to cause it to open one of the said outlets to a greater extent in advance of the other.

4. A carburetor including a mixing chamber, having an air supply inlet opening, a throttle, a needle valve casing having two fuel discharge outlets, a needle valve common to said outlets for controlling them, one of said outlets communicating with the said chamber on each side of the said throttle, means whereby the operation of the needle valve will be controlled by suction created in the engine cylinder, and means responsive in its operation to the actuation of the said throttle for admitting an additional supply of air to the mixing chamber.

5. A carburetor including a mixing cham her having an air supply inlet opening, a throttle, a needle valve casing having two fuel discharge outlets, a needle valve common to said outlets for controlling them, one of said outlets communicating with the said chamber on each side of the said throttle, means whereby the operation of the said needle valve will be controlled by suction created in the engine cylinder, means responsive in its operation to the actuation of the said throttle for admitting an additional supply of air to the mixing chamber, and a spinner within the path of flow of the fuel and air for causing a mixture thereof.

6. A carburetor including a mixing chamher, a throttle, a fuel supply passage discharging into the chamber on each side of the said throttle, a needle valve for controlling such discharge of fuel, means whereby the needle valve will be actuated by suction created in the engine cylinder, said means including a suction passage way, and a by-pass leading from the said suction passage way to the engine side of the throttle, whereby suction will operate upon the needle valve through the said by-pass when the first said inlet of the said suction passage way is closed by the said throttle.

7. A carburetor including a mixing chamber, a throttle valve, means for supplying fuel to the chamber on each side of the throttle, means responsive to engine suction for controlling the first said means, the second recited means including a suction passage having two inlets communicating with said chamber, and a throttle valve, said throttle being operable to also close one of the inlets of the said suction passage, the other of said inlets being open to suction on the engine side of the throttle when the said throttle is in a position to close the former of said inlets.

8. A carburetor including a mixing chamber, a throttle valve, means for supplying fuel to the c amber on each side of the throttle, and means responsive to engine suction for controlling the first said means, the second recited means including a suction passage having two inlet openings communieating with the said chamber, said openings being of different sizes, said throttle valve being operable to also close one of the said openings while the engine suction is'operable upon the second recited means through the other of said openings.

9. A carburetor including a mixing chamber, a throttle valve, means for supplying fuel to the chamber on each side of the throttle, and means responsive to engine suction for controlling the first said means, the second recited means including a suction passage having two inlet openings communieating with the said chamber, said openings being of different sizes, said throttle being operable to also close one of the said openings while the engine suction is operable upon the second recited means through the other of said openings, the first recited means including two discharge outlets for the fuel and a fluid controlled needle valve common to the said discharge outlets.

10. A carburetor including a mixing chamber, a throttle valve, a needle valve casing having an opening discharging into the chamber and one side of the throttle, a needle valve, means whereby the operation of the needle valve will be controlled by suction on the engine side of the throttle, a rotor also responsive in its action to engine suction for mixing air and fuel, there being an additional passage for admitting air and directing the same against the rotor to accelerate the operation of the rotor, and means for controlling the said passage.

11. A carburetor including a mixing chamber, a throttle valve, a needle valve casing having an opening discharging into the chamber and one side of the throttle, a needle valve, means whereby the operation of the needle valve will be controlled by suction on the engine side of the throttle, a rotor also responsive in its action to engine suction for mixing air and fuel, there being an additional passage for admitting air and directing the same against the rotor to accelerate the operation of the rotor, and means responsive in its operation to the operation of the said throttle for controlling the said passage.

12. A carburetor including a mixing chamber, a throttle valve, a needle valve casing having an opening discharging into the chamber and on one side of the throttle, a needle valve, means whereby the operation of the needle valve will be controlled by suction on the engine side of thethrottle,a rotor also responsive in its action to engine suction for mixing air and fuel, there being an additional passage for admitting air and directing the same against the rotor to accelerate the operation of the rotor, a disc like rotary cut off device operable to control the said additional passage, and means for actuating the said cut off device.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, on this th day of August, A. D. 1925.

J OHANNES B. KESSEL. 

